Turbulent hot metal flow during the pouring and subsequent 5 min stirring in transfer ladles with N 2 injected from 3 bottom tuyeres decreased S to less than 50 ppm. SPerfect Steerable Transfer Carte early 1970s, lance injection of CaC 2 into hot metal mixer was widely Custom for better productivity at Nagoya, Sakai, Yawata, Kashima, Wakayama, Kimitsu, Oita, Mizushima, Chiba and Kakogawa in this order.